Qualitative Research Critique Essay

Hi, my visit is Cindy Walters. I am presenting a soft research critique on a hold conducted in 2011 on people with bipolar incommode with comorbid kernel intake. The digest is entitled The lived contract of adults with bipolar malady and comorbid mental object persona deflect pen by Terry Ward, MSN, PhD, RN. Bipolar disorder involves commutes in cognition, behavior, and mood. The episodes of bipolar disorder cycle through mania and depression. frenzy is described as an elevated, irritable, or expansive mood, whereas depression is the opposite or hypomania. In the manic phase people present as euphoric, enthusiastic, and plausive with an infectious personality. The euphoric state whitethorn suddenly may be replaced by extreme irrit cogency if the persons needs are not met. In a manic phase the persons speech may be rapid, loud, intrusive, and hard to follow or interrupt. If someone tries to interrupt a manic person he or she hatful just as quickly become, threatening , irritable or assaultive (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & group A Leckman, 2008).Substance vilification is the excess use of doses such as alcohol, illicit drugs, and prescription medications. The list of people abusing drugs and alcohol is approximately 3.4 million. Those individuals abusing submit a greater change of acquiring a mental disorder at a evaluate of 2.7 times more likely than a non-abuser, according to the National bailiwick on Drug Use and wellness individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis such as bipolar disorder redeem 28.8% chance of substance abuse or use of drugs. Individuals using drugs with a mental disorder, at bottom a year are diagnosed as dependent on them (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008). If bipolar disorder and substance use disorder are combined, they have a devastating effect with negative outcomes for those individuals. Understanding the problem with the ability to manage bipolar disorder with the proper treatment, health care provide rs can improve patient outcomes and his or her outlook on intent. The problem is understandably verbalise in the abstract and first paragraph of the study.Several statistics of drug use are quoted to give the reader an estimate and prevalence of this colony with an unknown cause. The beginning addressed four hypotheses to explain this phenomenon. The negative outcomes in the use of substances and bipolar disorder affect a person mentally, physically, and functionally. The author stated the prevalence was high and does not receive enough circumspection in research studies. With increased knowledge, health care providers will be able to introduce new avenues for research, education, and nursing practice. The nominate of the study is to realise how the individuals perceive their day- to- day experience of living with the disorders. A study through by Cassidy et al. (2001) addressed supporting and maintaining the patients stability and fibre of life with effective treatment. Oth er studies focuse on pharmacotherapy, psychosocial factors, and interventions as areas of research. slim research has been done on the phenomena.The research worker provided the broad platform for a qualitative study for individuals to share and speak freely of their experience with the accept the patients will be heard, get support, and have better outcomes. The method of this study was a descriptive and phenomenological design. Phenomenology accepts that the truth can be revealed through the voice communication of those that live the experience and that those words can describe the essence of that lived experience (Thomas & Pollio, 2002, pg. 184). Descriptive phenomenology has its emphasis on describing universal essences through use up interaction between the researcher and the objects of study (Wojnar & Swanson, 2007, pg. 22). Conclusions could be pull from the researcher of the subject experiences. The method adequately addressed the topic and gave faith to the su bject experiences of living with a dual diagnosis. The design was consistent with qualitative studies and prove to be as descriptive and truthful as the researcher intended. Sampling was obtained over a four month period with the use of fliers.Fliers contained inclusion criteria and were validated by expert researchers for content, reliability, and readability. Also in the fliers contents were the researcher contact information, risks, and benefits of the study. Mental health care centers were the origin for the scattering of the fliers for subjects of the study. Snowballing and referrals came from doctors offices and recovery centers for abuse that were also included in the distribution of flier for subjects. The credibility came from phone calls made by capableness subjects calling the researcher and were given reiterated instructions of the explanation for the study, inclusion criteria, excision criteria, risks, and benefits. The essay consisted of 12 stable subjects not us ing drugs with a self-reported bipolar disorders, and not currently manic or depressed. The demographics pulled out male, female, mean age, and nationality. The translation of the inclusion criteria showed the participants inferred for the sample were familiar and wise to(p) about the subject.The participants were chosen for the purpose of describing their experience of living with the dual diagnosis for this study. The criteria and descriptions were consistent for qualitative study. The sample size was small and consisted of only one male. Although facts indicate that more females have a dual diagnosis of bipolar disorder with substance use disorder (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008). Data accrual began with IRB approval and a written and verbal informed consent. Written consent was obtained for audiotaping of oppugns with the understanding that at whatever time should the participant chose, the recorder could be turned off or the interview stopped. During emotional times of the participants they were asked by the researcher if they extremityed the taping turned off or wish to stop the interview.Probe questions were used by the researcher to get the participant to expand on their explanations and thoughts. Wards investigating questions were describe for me a typical day that would help me understand what your life is like or how did you feel when you were told you had both bipolar disorder and a substance use disorder? seemed to prompt the participant to speak (pg. 21). During the questions the researcher jotted notes on the mood, emotion, and expression of the participant the audio would not capture. Participants also shared concerns of ridicule, health problems that complicated their lives, and the lack of acceptance from society. There was no chroma of the data described. The strategy used by the researcher obtained the information she need for the study. There were two interviews conducted the first was a face to-face and the second w as a follow up phone interview for clarity of the findings. The data collection was obtained in a qualitative and purposeful manner, although the researcher never stated where the interview was conducted.There was no model or framework for organization of the study except for the data interpretation of the data digest. Data analysis was studied over and over until the themes of the participants were identified by the researcher. Analytical cryptanalytics was used to describe meaning to experiences lived by the participant. When a person reflects on their experience it becomes important to the process of understanding the phenomena. Qualitative methodology was proved with peer debriefing of the analysis and techniques used in this study. Audit trails comprised the data for the participants to view and verify that the disclosed information in his or her interview was captured as they intended that proved the validity and reliability of the research. Ward (pg. 22) rig six themes th at specify experiences of the participants. The six themes were life is hard, feeling the effect, trying to escape, unearthly support, being pushed beyond the limits, and a negative connotation. The participants responses were elaborated on in each theme giving the reader the implications of the perceptions of the participants.Each theme was explained and defined for easier reading and understanding. Themes indicated criminal actions, loss of jobs, homelessness, and losing the respect of others. Scientific rigor was not mentioned it could have been a useful tool. The participants lived and survived the experience they felt described as a sense of blade, negative reactions from others, a sense of worthlessness, and a weird support that would help he or she feel as if thither was someone they could talk to and as well as someone who would listen. The descriptions of the themes provided by the researcher gave one a visual of the feelings and emotions that a person with bipolar diso rder with substance use disorder are trying to conquer on a day- to -day basis. The findings were concurrent with the way the participant felt about losing his or her ability to function in society. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder with substance use disorder kept challenges of coping and becoming ample in society at bay. Overcoming these obstacles proved to be a invariant challenge.Without acceptance and forgiveness from society the need to overcome became more contend and nonexistent. The participants had big dreams that were diminished by the disorders of bipolar and substance use creating butchery in their daily lives that he or she could not cope with. Health care workers can apply specific plans of care for mental health patients with individualized care plans on medication use and symptom management. pick plans can help patients find other ways of dealing with normal problems than using drugs. Patients need education on medication compliance and covert for suicidal i deation. Concepts found in the themes of the study help organize the descriptions of the participants to crucify risk levels and incidence of harm. The type of data used is appropriate for a qualitative method of study. The conclusion of the study revealed and suggested being heard by others affected the participants feelings of self- worth and the need for help and support. communion with the reader the researcher makes society aware of the need for the voices of the participants to be heard. The individuals want to be heard, forgiven, and accepted by society. Increasing the awareness of mental health with nurses and the awareness of a higher power was a major attainment of this study. Indications for further research studies could provide healthcare workers with the tools needed to disrupt the stigma of mental illness and recognize when patients need help. Had the researcher given the benefits of this study to improving the effects of mental illness and the way society perceives it would have more benefit to the reader. This study was a good example of a qualitative study. Future studies require answers to more questions and a better and knowledgeable understanding of mental illness and substance use.