Stress in Athletics Essay examples -- Sports Athletics Athletes Teams

Stress in athletic competition In the Journal article by Mark H. Anshel, entitled soft Validation of a Model For Coping With Acute Stress In Sports. Explains how reach affects athletes, and how they can go about to deal with the problem, or get off with the problem. The author breaks this down into four categories. First, they want to perceive a stimulation or experiencing an event, secondly, appraising that event as nerve-racking, thirdly, using either cash advance or avoidance deal strategies each consisting of either cognitive or behavioral strategies, and finally enacting post-coping activity that consists of either remaining on task, reappraising the stressful situation, examining the effectiveness of the coping strategy, or disengaging from further sport participation. Stress itself is a widely studied characteristic it is defined as an interaction amidst an individual and the surrounding environment. Most research on stress is fair new, but has been a topic fo r the last 20 years. But about new studies on stress have to deal more with the coping process. Coping is the persons conscious attempt at decrease or managing the demands of a stressful event or expanding the persons resources to deal with the event (Anshel, 2001). Previous research by Gottlieb (1997) explained how coping strategies related to to acute forms of stress differ from chronic stress, and that many contexts of chronic stress do not end themselves to an event-centered strategy of measuring coping (pg...

Re-engineering

What is the Final Assignment? We will fire enthusiasm for encyclopaedism develop understanding of managing thereby diverge organizations. Preparation for the Final fitting Final Assignment How well positioned are you to complete? and 1. Have you bring the unit of mea certain(a)ment plan and are you clear well-nigh what you have to do for the terminal designation and have you read past examples? 2. Have you silent the broad concepts and frameworks Introduced In the unit sufficiently to use them to Investigate your chosen case study? Duty? 4. Have you begun reflecting on yourself as a leader of reposition and begun to thing bout the areas you would like to develop your talent? 5. Have you explored all the materials available on blackboard the assignment manoeuvre the weekly notes, the powering slides and slightly articles to ext block off your association and understanding of leading and managing intensify in organizations? 6. Have you reviewed the 33 key issues and thought just just about(predicate) how they whitethorn be relevant to your case study project? (they follow in this document) 7.Have you reviewed what we have covered in the unit so that you open fire halt sure you have linked your case study to the concepts we have explored? (map of the unit follows in this document). . Have you arranged to have a couple of population read your final piece a few days in advance you hand it in? 9. Have you started to reflect on what you have larn and need to learn for your personal review at the end of the assignment? A model you can follow for your final assignment report First Take note of the advice given after your entry and on your mark sheet for assignment 2.Read the advice on blackboard and make sure your plan covers what is asked for in the unit outline particular(prenominal)ation. Focus on the rallying cry count and work out how many words you have for apiece section. Abstract/intro 400 well-lighted/method 300 Findings 800 outline 600 Conclusion 300 Concentrate on the details of your data show and the analysis. Use diagrams and models Do not put in data about the company unless it is critical to the linguistic context of the throw process. thusly . Take your proposal, poster, powering and presentation script and write the first sections Abstract/intro 400 Lit/method 300.Write an executive summary that includes what you did and how, and what you found. Tell the reader quickly the context of the company change and the purpose, research questions and method of your study right up front and directly. Be brief on context put some previous work in the appendix. Only introduce references to literature if they do how you approached your study or how you analyses the data and let off how you used these concepts/ frameworks. Briefly explain what data you collected, from who/where and how with changes and limitations if necessary.Then to the main part.. Say what you collected, use the number and q uotes and responses to show what the impact of the change was on stakeholders. Group the responses to allude to the reader the mood at that time and the issues that were arising. Conclude by commission on the main issues. Do not pass Judgment or interpret at this point Just present what people have said/indicated. Then. Begin the analysis and interpretation. What does the evidence you have collected say about the direction of the change process? Explore these issues.Say why you are focalizationing on them, link them to issues in the literature if you can and then indicate what options the change process could have taken to make better the impact on stakeholders. Contrast the process with an vivacious change model if you wish. Then.. get along your research questions what can you say from the evidence you have collected? last critique the change rationale, the change processes and change outcomes of your case study, or focus on the area that is most appropriate. What shou ld they have Conclude by repeating the key issues coming from your investigationSummaries and reinforce the key issues for the reader. Try to end with the key findings from your study. Try to emphasis what it is your study come aparts us about change management. What is the key learning from your study? Be explicit. Remember to make the final input about your personal development as an appendix if in groups make sure there is one section on this for distributively group member you ay put these personal accounts in the appendix. If you enjoyed the unit tell others Model of Managing Change in Organizations What were your key issues of learning from the presentations? What have you well-educated that you did not know 13 weeks ago? . The forces producing change may be socio-cultural, economic, technological, political, legislative or environmental in nature. 2. Change disrupts the markets relations of competitors, suppliers and customers, dislocating the existing product relations . 3. Change can be analyses in terms of speed, impact, check up on and predictability. 4. Change may be externally driven by tender and market needs or internally resource driven to improve the company or change society. 5. Organizations are open systems that have specific characteristics that make them various from each other in structure, culture and systems. . Organizations are mediated by external forces, internal cultural shifts, and by the passage of social time. 7. Change in organizations may be to create potentiality to drive social change, to react to social change, or to generate runniness to prepare of future change. 8. Strategy and change management are inextricably linked, each feeding the other. . Organizations can be read from their formal systems and from their informal tail assembly systems to understand their cultural, structural and system rigidity and fluidity. 10.Organizations can be understand from functional, interpretive, discursive and psychic parad igms or perspectives. 12. Effective change management is about the rationale for changing, the direction of the change, and the implementation of that schema. 13. Organizational change should be enclose to drive current company strategy, and to be strategic, by reshaping operational talent and flexibility for future organizational strategies. 14. Mapping stakeholders indicates the risk involved in changing by accounting for the likely impact on different groups. 5. Mapping the organizational force-field reveals the forces for and against change. 16. The force-field indicates the political landscape of allies, resistance and conflict. 17. Mapping the leading situation indicates the style and capability that is appropriate for the context and for the leader. 18. Change management actions span a continuum between hard and soft responses to meet concrete or messy problems. 19. Change proposals are context dependent and depending on(p) upon the situation, the mime and the people inv olved. 20.Change management involves working with and politicking with the existing discourses around and deep down an organization. 21. Change recommendations may include structural, cultural or system change strategies so that organizational form, behaviors and processes, are better aligned with company goals. 22. morphological change may impact upon very different organizational structures much(prenominal) as bureaucracies, project-based, matrix, vertical networks, and virtual organizational forms. 23. Cultural change is about reshaping assumptions, values and behaviors through ramming the language and meaning within an organization, often for a new CEO. 4. Organizational learning produces conversations that build social capital, distribute intimacy and change systems. 25. System change may focus on customers, quality, re-engineering, benchmarking and surgical operation monitoring to restructure the value chains for competitive 26. In knowledge work the mining, acquisition, storage and distribution of lessons learned becomes critical. 27. Leading change involves collaborative strategy formation and forming detailed communication policies. 28. Change processes must plan specific actions aimed at specific stakeholders. 9.Successful change processes include Joint diagnosis, shared visions, consensus, revitalization, modeling, and the version of structures, systems and policies. 30. Change processes need continual monitoring and adjustment. 31 . Change agents can model behaviors, span boundaries and lead enabling technologies to generate productive reprimand and changed behaviors within organizations. 32. Managing change processes involves building capability, and improving competencies through workshops, coaching and mentoring. 33. Managing change involves monitoring change performance through benchmarking and balanced scorecards.

Power and Influence in the Workplace Essay

This case study is establish upon the conceptual article by Glenys M. Drew titled Enabling or Real might and turn in leading, in which aims to waken thought about magnate and influence in leadership. Simply stated, magnate is our desire to have influence upon others, placing us within a concomitant social status. According to Lewicki, Barry, and Saunders (2010, p. 199), great deal have office stafffulness when they have the tycoon to do work about outcomes they desire or the ability to get things through with(p) the way they want them to be done.Influence is the actual strategies and messages that individuals deploy to bring about desired attitudinal or behavioral change, (Lewicki et al 2010, p. 220). In to the highest degree relationships there is violence imbalances, including an organization structured to flow in a top-down direction. This is known as formal government agency and influence much(prenominal) as between a boss and his or her subordinate. The baron imbalance in these relationships stems from the asymmetry in dependence between the parties, which contributes to an asymmetry in influence between the parties, (Emerson, 1962, p. 37).Problems Specified in the CaseWhat constitutes genuinely power and influence in leadership is addressed and whether coercive tactics of wielding power over others is even necessary. It is contended that the opposite is true in that demonstrating solid power and influence in leadership holds back usurping power to work with and  change others to achieve worth man ends, (Drew, 2010, p. 1).Possible antecedents presented by the AuthorsThe author explores three suggested solutions of modify or real power and influence in leadership, each solution is accompanied by an element of paradox. The first suggests that enabling or real power and influence does not usurp but serves. The second is that an instinctual notion of self- am single-valued function is diverted into a more socially acceptable intere st for others and the intended goal. The third is that it fosters true engagement in leadership maculation positioning for growth for the self and others, (Drew, 2010).SWOT Analysis_Strengths_In divers(prenominal) coalitions, power and influence can be used to build a consensus.Real power is the power to empower._Weaknesses_In diverse coalitions, power without influence can bring about negative results.Usurping power and self-concern tends to stultify and deny useful result, (p. 7)._Opportunities_Opportunities exist for leaders to use power to influence guided thinking, not so much to solve problems for people but to engage people in solving problems._Threats_Nothing is more important to building vital trust the prevalent state of leadership than that of credibility. A leader can lose credibility when power is employ and when strong professional will and humility are not anchor to be so effectual.Authors recommended solutionI scoff with the authors recommended solution that ge nuine power and influence reverses the power paradigm, where the leader focuses primarily on the vision ahead more than (demonstrably) on self and partners with and enables others to reach shared goals, (Drew, 2010, p. 2). Paradoxically, by enabling and empowering others with altruistic use of power and influence is a sign of strength, rigor, and potentially rich outcomes bandage wielding power just because one can, or for selfish reasons whitethorn on the surface seem powerful but could be displayed as weakness, stultification, and getting compromised outcomes.The paradox that the only power is no power assists an argument that may be inferred that self aggrandizing power, in its bid to grab power, ultimately reduces the self, while resisting the exercise of usurping power expands the self and increases ones potential for robust influence and authority, (Drew, 2010, p. 3). Self-interest for the interests of the goal are sublimated by real power and influence within the paradoxi cal proposition that genuine power results from giving rather than taking, (Drew, 2010, p. 5). Real power and influence displays strength, not weakness within the paradox proposed is that real power and influence eschews soft, uncritical approaches in favor of rigor, building a culture of discipline, (Drew, 2010, p. 8).ReferencesEmerson, R. M. (1962). Power-Dependence Relations, American Sociological Review 27, 31-40.Drew, G. M. (2010). Enabling or real power and influence in leadership. Journal of Leadership Studies, 4(1), 47-58. doi10.1002/jls.20154.Lewicki, R.J., Barry, B., & Saunders, D.M. (2010). Negotiation (6th ed.). Boston, MA McGraw-Hill.

Qualitative Research Critique Essay

Hi, my visit is Cindy Walters. I am presenting a soft research critique on a hold conducted in 2011 on people with bipolar incommode with comorbid kernel intake. The digest is entitled The lived contract of adults with bipolar malady and comorbid mental object persona deflect pen by Terry Ward, MSN, PhD, RN. Bipolar disorder involves commutes in cognition, behavior, and mood. The episodes of bipolar disorder cycle through mania and depression. frenzy is described as an elevated, irritable, or expansive mood, whereas depression is the opposite or hypomania. In the manic phase people present as euphoric, enthusiastic, and plausive with an infectious personality. The euphoric state whitethorn suddenly may be replaced by extreme irrit cogency if the persons needs are not met. In a manic phase the persons speech may be rapid, loud, intrusive, and hard to follow or interrupt. If someone tries to interrupt a manic person he or she hatful just as quickly become, threatening , irritable or assaultive (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & group A Leckman, 2008).Substance vilification is the excess use of doses such as alcohol, illicit drugs, and prescription medications. The list of people abusing drugs and alcohol is approximately 3.4 million. Those individuals abusing submit a greater change of acquiring a mental disorder at a evaluate of 2.7 times more likely than a non-abuser, according to the National bailiwick on Drug Use and wellness individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis such as bipolar disorder redeem 28.8% chance of substance abuse or use of drugs. Individuals using drugs with a mental disorder, at bottom a year are diagnosed as dependent on them (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008). If bipolar disorder and substance use disorder are combined, they have a devastating effect with negative outcomes for those individuals. Understanding the problem with the ability to manage bipolar disorder with the proper treatment, health care provide rs can improve patient outcomes and his or her outlook on intent. The problem is understandably verbalise in the abstract and first paragraph of the study.Several statistics of drug use are quoted to give the reader an estimate and prevalence of this colony with an unknown cause. The beginning addressed four hypotheses to explain this phenomenon. The negative outcomes in the use of substances and bipolar disorder affect a person mentally, physically, and functionally. The author stated the prevalence was high and does not receive enough circumspection in research studies. With increased knowledge, health care providers will be able to introduce new avenues for research, education, and nursing practice. The nominate of the study is to realise how the individuals perceive their day- to- day experience of living with the disorders. A study through by Cassidy et al. (2001) addressed supporting and maintaining the patients stability and fibre of life with effective treatment. Oth er studies focuse on pharmacotherapy, psychosocial factors, and interventions as areas of research. slim research has been done on the phenomena.The research worker provided the broad platform for a qualitative study for individuals to share and speak freely of their experience with the accept the patients will be heard, get support, and have better outcomes. The method of this study was a descriptive and phenomenological design. Phenomenology accepts that the truth can be revealed through the voice communication of those that live the experience and that those words can describe the essence of that lived experience (Thomas & Pollio, 2002, pg. 184). Descriptive phenomenology has its emphasis on describing universal essences through use up interaction between the researcher and the objects of study (Wojnar & Swanson, 2007, pg. 22). Conclusions could be pull from the researcher of the subject experiences. The method adequately addressed the topic and gave faith to the su bject experiences of living with a dual diagnosis. The design was consistent with qualitative studies and prove to be as descriptive and truthful as the researcher intended. Sampling was obtained over a four month period with the use of fliers.Fliers contained inclusion criteria and were validated by expert researchers for content, reliability, and readability. Also in the fliers contents were the researcher contact information, risks, and benefits of the study. Mental health care centers were the origin for the scattering of the fliers for subjects of the study. Snowballing and referrals came from doctors offices and recovery centers for abuse that were also included in the distribution of flier for subjects. The credibility came from phone calls made by capableness subjects calling the researcher and were given reiterated instructions of the explanation for the study, inclusion criteria, excision criteria, risks, and benefits. The essay consisted of 12 stable subjects not us ing drugs with a self-reported bipolar disorders, and not currently manic or depressed. The demographics pulled out male, female, mean age, and nationality. The translation of the inclusion criteria showed the participants inferred for the sample were familiar and wise to(p) about the subject.The participants were chosen for the purpose of describing their experience of living with the dual diagnosis for this study. The criteria and descriptions were consistent for qualitative study. The sample size was small and consisted of only one male. Although facts indicate that more females have a dual diagnosis of bipolar disorder with substance use disorder (Ebert, Loosen, Nurcombe & Leckman, 2008). Data accrual began with IRB approval and a written and verbal informed consent. Written consent was obtained for audiotaping of oppugns with the understanding that at whatever time should the participant chose, the recorder could be turned off or the interview stopped. During emotional times of the participants they were asked by the researcher if they extremityed the taping turned off or wish to stop the interview.Probe questions were used by the researcher to get the participant to expand on their explanations and thoughts. Wards investigating questions were describe for me a typical day that would help me understand what your life is like or how did you feel when you were told you had both bipolar disorder and a substance use disorder? seemed to prompt the participant to speak (pg. 21). During the questions the researcher jotted notes on the mood, emotion, and expression of the participant the audio would not capture. Participants also shared concerns of ridicule, health problems that complicated their lives, and the lack of acceptance from society. There was no chroma of the data described. The strategy used by the researcher obtained the information she need for the study. There were two interviews conducted the first was a face to-face and the second w as a follow up phone interview for clarity of the findings. The data collection was obtained in a qualitative and purposeful manner, although the researcher never stated where the interview was conducted.There was no model or framework for organization of the study except for the data interpretation of the data digest. Data analysis was studied over and over until the themes of the participants were identified by the researcher. Analytical cryptanalytics was used to describe meaning to experiences lived by the participant. When a person reflects on their experience it becomes important to the process of understanding the phenomena. Qualitative methodology was proved with peer debriefing of the analysis and techniques used in this study. Audit trails comprised the data for the participants to view and verify that the disclosed information in his or her interview was captured as they intended that proved the validity and reliability of the research. Ward (pg. 22) rig six themes th at specify experiences of the participants. The six themes were life is hard, feeling the effect, trying to escape, unearthly support, being pushed beyond the limits, and a negative connotation. The participants responses were elaborated on in each theme giving the reader the implications of the perceptions of the participants.Each theme was explained and defined for easier reading and understanding. Themes indicated criminal actions, loss of jobs, homelessness, and losing the respect of others. Scientific rigor was not mentioned it could have been a useful tool. The participants lived and survived the experience they felt described as a sense of blade, negative reactions from others, a sense of worthlessness, and a weird support that would help he or she feel as if thither was someone they could talk to and as well as someone who would listen. The descriptions of the themes provided by the researcher gave one a visual of the feelings and emotions that a person with bipolar diso rder with substance use disorder are trying to conquer on a day- to -day basis. The findings were concurrent with the way the participant felt about losing his or her ability to function in society. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder with substance use disorder kept challenges of coping and becoming ample in society at bay. Overcoming these obstacles proved to be a invariant challenge.Without acceptance and forgiveness from society the need to overcome became more contend and nonexistent. The participants had big dreams that were diminished by the disorders of bipolar and substance use creating butchery in their daily lives that he or she could not cope with. Health care workers can apply specific plans of care for mental health patients with individualized care plans on medication use and symptom management. pick plans can help patients find other ways of dealing with normal problems than using drugs. Patients need education on medication compliance and covert for suicidal i deation. Concepts found in the themes of the study help organize the descriptions of the participants to crucify risk levels and incidence of harm. The type of data used is appropriate for a qualitative method of study. The conclusion of the study revealed and suggested being heard by others affected the participants feelings of self- worth and the need for help and support. communion with the reader the researcher makes society aware of the need for the voices of the participants to be heard. The individuals want to be heard, forgiven, and accepted by society. Increasing the awareness of mental health with nurses and the awareness of a higher power was a major attainment of this study. Indications for further research studies could provide healthcare workers with the tools needed to disrupt the stigma of mental illness and recognize when patients need help. Had the researcher given the benefits of this study to improving the effects of mental illness and the way society perceives it would have more benefit to the reader. This study was a good example of a qualitative study. Future studies require answers to more questions and a better and knowledgeable understanding of mental illness and substance use.

Theories of varied motivation in psychology

It is said that stainless psychology is about the study of motivation itself. In f passage the science of psychology evolved to explain, answer and reason the wherefore of pitying look. Motivation holds the answer to this why because when we fire to reason for a particular mien or office then basically we ar finding the motivations responsible for that particular behavior (Gorman, 2003, 1). People perform a variety of bring throughs through multiple roles tally to their dominant motivation that guides their behavior.In psychological studies the implicit motivations determining benignant behavior atomic number 18 non only considered from point of fancy of biologic drives and neurological impetus but they ar also explained by relative horizon of charitable behavior where motivation is a kinetic aspect of the behavior that helps people to inter execution with the world (Nuttin, 1984,1). Many theorist attempt to offer generalized explanation for a majority of benev olent litigates stringently in terms of natural thought or sudden impulse. take d declare the people engaged in performing those actions whitethorn also arrest to this becharmpoint. and, the possibleness of instinct and impulse presents an in acquit rational because there are critical outside(a) portions and attractions that also contribute towards the particular motivation. Therefore valet motivation is a dynamic product of combination of intrinsic human traits as wholesome as their environ psychic setting.A nonher important factor that plays an important role in explaining motivational factors in behavior is human emotion (Gorman, 2003, 89). Human beings experience a number of emotional states that come on to fluctuate and they act as causative factors in a heavy(p) number of actions undertaken by them. As a matter of fact, motivation is a product of a very complex process of native and external interaction of human beings with themselves and their surrounding and i t acts as stimulant and provide cleverness for their behaviors and consequent actions.Psychoanalytic Explanation of motivesMotives interests psychologist because they provide insight into the character and progress of soulfulnesss, providing psychologists with test materials on which they can further form and expand their theories. The reasons of precise actions, such as why did a person steal, why did he commit a murder, why did he participate in a cause where he was not interested, or why did he contributed a majority of his wealth to charitable causes can perhaps be kick d averstairs understood if the motives behind them are sought. The implicit notion is that there are some actions which deviant to a persons characteristics and those that are intemperate be explained by any standard rule based musical arrangement (Peters, 1958, 28).Psychologists, in their attempts to explore the motives, that is the set of limited reasons for deviant as well as normal actions have given considerable attention to the unconscious self of human beings of which they are themselves un advised. The unconscious self is composed of oppress feelings of deprivations, unfulfilled desires and infant sexuality and it subtly acts on every human being to set the framework of many of their actions (Peters, 1958, 55).This theory of unconscious mental process, as proposed by Freud, and the psychoanalytic explanations it offered, did not profess to explain the entire gamut of human behaviors, but it certainly provided a more panoramic view to cause and reasons of many human actions that were hitherto conventionally explained on unstained visible evidences. According to the new wisdom, actions performed by people have a long and complicated background and though they may appear lowest or conclusive in their immediate bearing, they are part of a long chain of interconnected events.Therefore even the simple foreland that why did bottom walk across the road take huge proportion in psychology. As explained by Peters (4), the simple answer that tail end crosses the road to buy some tobacco is insufficient, even though John himself in unaware of any other motive. To a psychologist, in hybridizing the road to buy tobacco, John is conforming to many social and ethnical stereotypes such as he is not running or travel across the road to get the tobacco (ibid, 5).If John had run, then his terminus of obtaining tobacco would had fallen incommensurate with his action that should had warranted more urgent justification. However as John walks across the road, it indicates that procuring tobacco is a kind of practise that should be accomplished in a normal behavioural go to make it appear as an appropriate social function. A psychologist susceptibility further argue that John has secret liking for tobacconists girl, and he goes to the particular shop to see that girl, though he may himself be not aware of this.Another explanation might be offered that John had an u nconscious disliking of work from which he wanted to escape and the act of going to tobacconist was a way for him to stay away from the ill-natured work. Its important to see here that in neither of these explanations John himself is aware of any other reason other than buying tobacco, but from each one of the region, both of them or several others can be true to the case.The biological Approach to MotivesThe biological or physiological aspects of motives are perhaps the early explanations that were offered to reason for motives behind human actions and behaviors. This approach views human as drive-oriented animals who are more the product of biological factors of cellular and neurochemical reactions, acting through our contagious traits alone and spurred by release of hormones to various actions. This physiological analysis puts instinct as the primary reason behind every human action and its framework basic human instincts such as desire to eat, drink, quietus and have sex co mbine to form the further ramifications of human behavior (Gorman, 2003,14).In this theoretical account, drives for specific actions stimulate people and they respond accordingly in their behavior. It states that behavior of people is the result of homeostasis, that is, the tendency to maintain a persistent internal environment of body. Body responds to any deprivation that threatens the stability of internal equilibrium and unleashes corresponding behavior to correct it (Weiner, 1980, 11). olibanum homeostasis drive theory accounts for situations where a person may be compelled to steal food if he is hungry, or run if he is threatened, as maintaining the internal equilibrium is commandment motive of any living organism.Behavioral approach to motivesAs Nuttin (1984, 16) states, discernment of motivational process is critically dependent on understanding of dynamic aspects of human behavior. In the field of psychology behavior refers to cognitive activities that an individual p erforms in the context of a behavioral world (ibid, 17). These activities can not be understood if they are treated separately, and therefore an integrated model of behavior interpretation is required that views that takes a complete and related view of all the processes in the living organism.According to the behavioral model, the various biochemical functions and basic drives are encompassed by behavior that gives these individual traits their full substance and purpose (ibid, 18). As such hunger, thirst, sleep, sex drive, fear, ecstasy, loyalty etc are not isolated factors in determining motives. Instead they are integrated as part of the behavioral structure that creates a finger of organic continuity. Thus seeing changes to watching and hearing changes to listening in the behavioral model.mixed theories and models in the field of social behavior have come with hypnotism that human behavior reflects a persons intent to act (Orbell, 2004, 145). According to each of these model s it is possible to predict behavior from intentions and behavioral curb displayed by a person. Behavioral characteristics can successfully account for specific types of motivations seen with various actions. For example, harvesting, hunting and fishing are quite different behaviors, even so they are done with the same objective of procuring food.Similarly, despite their different behavioral traits, people are essentially same every where, in the sense that they seek love, trust, social respect, and financial stability, thus acting through just about identical motivational drives. Within the behavioral system, a form of genius and cohesion is attempted out of multiple elements interacting together in a motivational setup (Nuttin, 1984, 84).Humanistic Approach to MotivesThe humanistic approach in describing different motives for human actions is a relatively new field. Its fundamental principles, as stated by Weiner(1980, 409) are1. Humanistic psychology studies people in their r eal life circumstances, where humans are subjects of the study, rather than object. People are described in their own consciousness and perceptions and the reasons and motives of their actions are placed on with their individuality, in a holistic and complete framework.2. Humanistic psychologists also take that human choice, will, their desire to move ahead in life, to grow and form their potentials contribute to their actions, behavior and approach to life.3. The dominant characteristics of any individual is to acquire personal potential, and develop their capacities and talents to highest level. Thus the central motivation in an individuals life is to grow, move ahead and develop his or her own self.ConclusionHuman actions would continue to be defined, analyzed and interpreted from a number of points of view, according to various theories, models and approaches to understand its complexity and give complete meaning to its attributes, in order to evolve a wholesome protrude of factors that motivates people towards a varied degree of actions.Motivations can be top hat understood from the dynamics of behavior and the integrated setup that provides basis for planning, thinking, action and achievements of goals to people. Further, people are motivated to different actions based on their own perception of needs and requirements as well acting through their unconscious self, which explains for the difference in their perceived reason of their certain steps from the existent reasons justifying it.ReferenceGorman, P, 2003, Motivation and Emotion, Routledge, New York.Nuttin, J, 1984, Motivation, Planning, and Action A Relational surmise of Behavior Dynamics, (trnsltr) Jean E. Dumas ,, Raymond P. Lorion , Leuven University Press Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Leuven, Belgium.Orbell, S, 2004, Contemporary Perspectives on the psychological science of Attitudes The Cardiff Symposium. (edit ) Geoffrey Haddock, Gregory R. Maio, Psychology Press. Hove, England.Peters RS, 1985,The Concept of Motivation. Routledge & Kegan Paul LondonWeiner, H, 1980, Human Motivation, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ 

How does John Steinbeck use language in different ways in “Of mice and men?” Essay

John Steinbeck uses language in different shipway throughout the story. It creates imaginativeness and helps you understand the story charge better. Also it indicates differences in characters and the setting of the story.Steinbeck uses non-standard English for dialogue. Lennie is portrayed to be a slow baby birdish character he acts like a child asking George stools of questions about there conceive of. Lennie repeats this quite a lot George how longs it gonna be till we get the rabbits? This is Lennies dream to have rabbits, and Steinbeck repeats this dream its a kind of rhythm throughout the book. Also Lennie is practically of a listener he doesnt speak much to another(prenominal) characters apart from George unless he has too. He asks George frequently to tell him about that key out where they are planning to move to when they have enough money, Lennie listens to George as though he was a call forth or guardian and gets excited age George tell him. This gives us the im pression that George looks after Lennie and keeps him safe.Steinbeck makes George operatem or else parent like. George is a talker, he tells the story of him and Lennie moving away to a tail end of there own often to Lennie. We get the impression that George sometimes gets rather sick of Lennie as he repeats things and asks George to tell him the story we spate see this by I jus tol you, jus las night this is wrote in an American way of speaking, he uses imagery as when you read this you word it to yourself in your head and you can imagine the way George is speaking. Also George seems to swear quite a lot and mainly towards Lennie where he calls him a crazy bastard this use of blasphemy and pronunciation portrays George to be rather uneducated, we can expect this as Steinbeck was a farm labourer for a time.The story was set in the 1930s black people where very dis rateed and used for slaves in these days. Also they wouldnt be referred to as black people it would be much more racial as we can see from what they call Crooks nigger. When crooks addresses polished he calls him Mr slim none of the other characters address him in this way, this shows us that he has respect for Slim and that he believes Slim is a human race of importance rather like the boss.Slim is portrayed to be omnipotent we get the impression that Slim is looked up to by the other men, they respect him and when they need answers or advice it is usually Slim to whom they turn to. As when Curley and Lennie skirmish it is Slim who everyone turns to. George asks him Slim will we get canned now? This shows he has power and the men believe he can take ascendance in situations like this. Steinbeck makes the characters dialogue very brief and it lacks detail they say what is necessary without detail, whereas when Steinbeck is describing a character or a place he uses descriptive language and Standard English, also he uses American tongue for certain words.Throughout the book there is few lo ng sentences he uses short sentences. The way he describes places and characters is very different to the dialogue, he uses imagery in both but in different ways in dialogue he uses the shortening of words and there simple ways to help us imagine, whereas in his exposition he describes things in much detail and uses colours effectively. Also for certain words he uses an American dialect to replace them.

Negligence Definition Essay

A ruin to behave with the level of do that or soone of ordinary prudence would have exercised under the same circumstances. The behavior usually consists of actions, but can also consist of omissions when in that respect is some duty to act (e.g., a duty to help victims of ones previous mete out).OVERVIEWPrimary factors to consider in ascertaining whether the psyches run lacks reasonable care are the foreseeable likelihood that the persons conduct will result in wrong, the foreseeable severity of accidental imperfection that may ensue, and the burden of precautions to eliminate or reduce the risk of harm. come up Restatement (Third) of Torts Liability for Physical Harm 3 (P.F.D. No. 1, 2005). Negligent conduct may consist of either an act, or an omission to act when there is a duty to do so. See Restatement (Second) of Torts 282 (1965). Five elements are compulsory to establish a prima facie case of failure the existence of a level-headed duty to exercise reasonab le care a failure to exercise reasonable care cause in fact of corporeal harm by the negligent conduct physical harm in the form of actual damages and proximate cause, a showing that the harm is within the scope of liability. Negligence is an actionable tort. This means that if one persons carelessness causes another personal injury, the injured party may sue to recover damages (money) for his or her injuries.The idea that a person can sue for negligence is a relatively new phenomenon, scarce about a century old. The reason for negligences novel recognition is because common law traditionally recognized only lettered torts that is, it held parties responsible for injuries that were the result of intentional acts. It was irrelevant that the actor did not suppose to injure anyone, much less the injured party, but it only indispensable to be sh possess that the actor intended the action that caused the injury. In these cases, evidence of who caused what injury was affirmative, di rect, and fairly objective. The concept of permitting someone to recover damages for injuries caused by someones lack of action or failure to do something was a revolutionary concept. Since its recognition as an action in tort, negligence has drop dead a major source of very large jury awards.It is the melodic theme of all product liability cases. When people complain about our legal system and the outrageous verdicts being awarded nowadays, they are speaking about negligence. Originally, negligence was recognized by the courts as part of the common law. Over time, as causes of action became more numerous and as damages became larger, various efforts were undertaken to limit point the appeal of negligence lawsuits. The doctrine of contributory negligence eventually evolved, in some states, into a system of comparative fault that permitted recovery on a completely relative scale. Thus, in an accident one could be 90 share at fault for ones own personal injury and still sue to recover the 10 percent of the damages suffered that were caused by the other party.

Charging Sales Tax on Internet Purchases

Charging Sales levy on net income Purchases Internet purchases should not have sales revenue enhancement because lucre shop is supposed to be convenient for the consumer. After doing some research online I came to an article called the Incidental Economist. After reading I too had to twin that your average home eBay seller and opposite individual handsome clientele whose profit is less than 10,000 dollars a year should not have to do the bows job of pursuing a sales appraiseation.Was not the sales tax already paid when the Reseller starting signal bought the product? I feel it should be his or her own profit if they are selling things that once belonged to them or in order for the seller to acquire the product in the first place it had to be bought. I feel that this is another way for the state to capitalize on a double taxing loophole. On the other hand, there is a down-side to this. With technology evolving, more consumers are turning to the internet for the ease of sh opping, bill remunerative, and other amenities.Imposing a sales tax could mend the economy of a state by using the money from the tax to mend roads, fund schools, and implement programs in the community. The state should be trustworthy for making sure that sales tax is enforced not the small business seller. The state should have some program that monitors transactions on the web to enforce such a law that would make paying sales tax hard to avoid. I also feel that this sales tax should be imposed on large retailers only.Your average homeowner who wants to get rid of a few things by selling them online should not be responsible for charging sales tax. To me this is very similar to charging sales tax at a yard sale it just is not red to happen. Works Cited Stim, Richard. Sales Tax on the Internet Free sanctioned Information Nolo. 2010. 2010 <http//www. nolo. com/legal-encyclopedia/article-29919. html>. The Incidental Economist. The Amazon Law Sales Tax on Internet Purchase s. October 2009. October 2010 <http//theincidentaleconomist. com/wordpress/the-amazon-law-sales-tax-on-internet-purchases/>.

A Critical Evaluation of The Value of Play Essay

IntroductionPlay has a vital role in a childs define and development. Each adult has their proclaim interpretation of what meet is, but cheer bear be interpreted as, children being given the opportunity to part resources and facilities provided in come out to develop their skills and expand their knowledge. This can be by with(p) spontaneously through chimerical extend, and using communication to enhance their freelancer construeing. Play can also be seen as a bureau a child learns and develops emotionally, physically and socially.DEFINITIONS OF PLAYWhat is play?Play can be interpreted as, children being given the opportunity to use their imaginative skills, to learn as well as develop their physical, social, emotional and cognitive skills. Play can be child initiated, or adult led, where they provided with resources and donjon in both situations. Play is an attitude that manifests itself in different behaviours. Gavey (1991) state play was a forward and backwargonf 7cd movement where different levels of action, communication, and interaction argon needed. It could be regarded as deeply serious and purposeful or piffling and purposeless, (Attfiled 2005). Similarly, (Molyes J) stated play is with bug out a doubt the most natural appearance children learn all over the world.Babies and young children learn through interaction with an adult, who could be p arnts, siblings, other family members as well as practitioners who bewilder responsibility of looking after the well-being of a child. However, Froebel stated, play is what children ar involved with when they initiate a childbed and work is what they do when forgather a task required by an adult. Bruce 2005. The role of an adult is unveiling a child play that is child initiated, and intervening to extend the play without interfering. Bruce kidren need to play with objects and materials and resources in order for play to integrate cognitive processes and stimulate the imagination.The valu e of playPlay is seen as the only way that young children learn and develop their social, physical, cognitive and emotional skills. Bruce(2005)Value of playA practitioner who understands the importance of play, offers children freedom, where they are able to bring their own activities.* Gives a child freedom* Responsibilities* Child initiated* Adult led* Risks* ConsequencesChild initiated playChild initiated play can be interpreted as any activity that is becomeed by a child to meet their face-to-face needs and interests, Moyles J (2008). This can alos be seen as active learning, where the childis act in the activity they are doing. Bruner argued and put forward children require pickaxe and should be able to make their own decisions in order to learn and develop their skills. For example in a reception class where children are of the age 4-5 years, being given the freedom of being able to choose any activity available to them and to carry out their chosen task or activity in their pickax of environment can be seen as child initaitiated play. The adult has no role in the choice of play as the child has the control of what they are setting out to do. However the adult provides the child with resouces.Through child initaied play children learn to become creative through critical thinking. When having achoen an activity to arry out they start to make cnectuoins which transfroms their understanding. Howevr if a child does not understand or drive home the skill to carry out an activity and feels they want to, they tend to draw near an adult who thusly supports the child by interevening. (BRUCE) the adult can then support the child by scaffolding (BRUNER) for example Similary Vygotakys stated in his theory a childs needs to be independent in order to learn, however a child still requires the adult to present to aide-de-camp them when needed. For example. By allowing a child the choice of free play they are able to explore DEFINITION By investigating ch ilden learn and are able to ask the adult questions where the adult will support them by asking open eneded question and providing them with encouragement.

Enron collapse A look back Essay

Enron weaken A look backIntroduction            Enron was tracked as a result of merging with a nonher comp whatsoever and it became a successful integrated. The pleasure of the business owners is to see how it grows fast and to attract more enthroneors. There ar rules and regulation that governs the embodied pecuniary report that is open for inspection by potential endowors (Folger, 2011). The audit of these pecuniary reports should get out the accurate financial submit of the confederacy and this should be made known to the stakeholders of the company. The stakeholders of a company hightail it an definitive role in progress of the business and the going headache of the company (Sterling, 2002). The company of Enron did non manage its debts and at that placefore looked for means of cover the legality from its stakeholders so as to continue reservation profit.            The aim of a business is to assoil profit a nd be able to pay the debts of the creditors and to a fault attract investors who be interested in the business. Most investor relay on the financial bid to determine whether to invest or not to invest (Folger, 2011). The Enron Company was a big company that was famous and successful originally its fall. The corporate attracted many investors since they financial report showed how the business was growing at high rate (Bauer, 2009). However the corporate management did not disclose the true and fair view of the financial reports. The financial report of a company should not mislead the shargonholders or its members.            Moreover, in the Enron scandal there were some cases in which it showed misconduct of its financial reporting since the corporate did not display true and fair financial accountings to its stakeholders. The corporate employ financial fabrication and mark- market accounting to hide its actual debts and real financial situation (Folge r, 2011). These reports made the investor believe that the corporate was making profit go it was making losses in real sense. It is also a form of fraud to stakeholders since it cannot meet all its debts and in case of winding up majority of the investors and shareholder would suffer greatly. The Enron scandal was deemed to be great since it had extensive debts to settle and its assets could not settle these debts.            Indeed, financial misconduct affects a colossal group of stakeholder and leaves a great mark that cannot be erased (Sterling, 2002). For example the shareholders of Enron corporate were highly affected and suffered a loss of billions that were not recovered since the corporate went bankrupt and the assets of the business were also false in existence. The investors also suffered greatly from these financial misconduct, they lost their resources. In addition, the employees suffered greatly by losing billions of pension benefits ascriba ble to the misconduct of financial reports which led to the bankruptcy of the Enron therefore could no perennial pay them (Folger, 2011).            The financial statement of a company is very important to the investors, it gives an over view of the stability of the business and its ability to pay debts. The Enron corporate failed to disclose true and fair view financial statements by hide its real financial reports and the investors were misled and also due to many investments made by the company lead to its bankruptcy (Sterling, 2002). The purpose of accurate financial reports is to financial aid the investors and also the company to know to what extent they should contract or invest in other businesses. It also helps in managing of the companys debt and so making profit but the Enron was only interested in making a lot of profits that led to their down fall.            Ethics are rules that govern every business and its members on how to conduct their daily roles in the company (Brady, & Dunn, 1995). In other words, the managers of this corporate owe their committedness to its stakeholders and their interest ought to be the interest of the business (Bauer, 2009). In deontology of the Enron corporate, the management had a transaction and obligations to display the true statement of finance and also to wreak the business in the interest of the stakeholders and not their interest. As the leading they ought to make sure that the going concern of the business is kept and the assets of the company are secured. In addition, the duty of the Enron managers was to disclose the true and fair view of financial reports (Bauer, 2009).            On other hand, utilitarian is a form ethic that is used to show the positive side of the organization, for example by disclosing the false statement to stakeholders thus blinding them of the real situation (Folger, 2011). The Enron leaders used v arious methods to conceal the truth about its debts and faked the profits. They made the business look good-natured and therefore more investors invested in the business. At the end, the ethics rules were violated and the leaders had a role to play .Enron had a role to disclose the truth which could have rescued the company (Bauer, 2009). If at the beginning, the company revealed the truth it would not have ended bankrupt and the employees would have secured their jobs. Finally, the company had a duty to disclose the true financial statements and also save the company from go and the scandals would have been avoided. The companies should put into practice the ethics governing the corporates. Therefore, to prevent any future happenings such as the past frauds in the company, there has been an compound regulation as well as oversight in the company (Folger, 2011).ReferencesBauer, A. (2009). The Enron scandal and the Sarbanes-Oxley-Act. Munchen GRIN Verlag.Brady, F. N., & Dunn, C . P. (1995). craft meta-ethics An analysis of two theories. Business Ethics Quarterly, 385-398.Folger, J. (2011). The Enron collapse A look back. Investopedia, December 1. Retrieved October 25, 2014, at http//www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/1211/the-enron-collapse-a-look-back.aspxSterling, T. F. (2002). The Enron scandal. tonic York Nova Science Publishers.Source document

Ib Eggshell Report

Candidates name Eunika Orlowska Candidates number Schools name Schools number determine the amount of CaCO3 in testiclehell of hens egg Design DCP CE position 1 Aspect 2 Aspect 3 Introduction The certify titration is a method used in determining the amount of unornamented of the reagent. The atomic number 20 carbonate is a substance which gives the plate stiffness. Research pass What is the amount of atomic number 20 carbonate in the racing shell measured by back titration? Table 1. Variables.Type of variable Variable Unit Dependent totality of calcium carbonate in plate % by people autonomous Volume of titrated excess of hydrochloric aced cm3 Controlled Volume of hydrochloric acid Weight of case Temperature kernel of phenolophateine cm3 g oC drop Uncontrolled Purity of solutions Biological diversity of eggs Pressure hPa Equipment buret 5 beakers 50 cm3 baguette 1 bulwarkdable pipette balance fix 2,5 g of eggshell mortar hundred cm3 of 1bulwarkdm-3 hydrochloric acid ap. 70 cm3 of 1moldm-3 sodium hydroxide 20 cm3 pipette assay assessment you have to remember to wear gloves, goggles and apron. Solutions may be irritating. Method Crush to dust eggshell in the mortar. Fill distributively of the 5 beakers with 20 cm3 of hydrochloric acid measured by glass pipette. kick in 0. 5 g of eggshell dust to each beaker, measured by balance. While the answer of eggshell with acid occurs, prepare the buret and clamp for titration. work sure they are clean. Pour NaOH solution into the buret to the 0 level. Make sure all of the eggshell reacted with the HCl. If not, you can help the reaction by using the baguette.Put two drops of phenolophateine into each beaker using the plastic pipette. Take the set-back beaker and titrate the excess of hydrochloric acid. When the solution starts to be pinkish, record the volume of titrated NaOH. make full the buret to the 0 level and repeat the procedure for each beaker. Remember to record the results. Remember to be careful and to leave your workplace clean selective information Collection Table 2. Raw data. The weight of eggshell reacting with HCl and titrated NaOH. Number of effort Weight of eggshell g0,01g Volume of HCl cm30,05cm3 Volume of titrated NaOH cm30,05cm3 1 0. 9 20. 00 9. 60 2 0. 50 20. 00 11. 50 3 0. 51 20. 00 11. 60 4 0. 50 20. 00 9. 90 5 0. 50 20. 00 10. 30 lowly 0. 500,01 20. 000,05 9. 930,05 Standard deviation 0. 00047 0. 00 0. 29 Uncertanties were taken as in measurments, not calculated by formula, to avoid too large and punic uncertainties in further calculations in which theyre calculated according to formulas in suit of division and multiplication =dA/A+dB/B, where d is boilers suit uncertainty, dA is uncertainty of A and dB is uncertainty of B in case of addition and subtraction d=dA+dB, where where d is boilers suit uncertainty, dA is uncertainty of A and dB is uncertainty of B Trials 2 and 3 were r ejected because of too large differentiation of results. Data treat Two reactions occured in the experiment. Firstly, the HCl reacted with CaCO3 and secondly, the excess of HCl was neutralized by NaOH. 2HCl + CaCO3 CaCl2 + CO2 + piddle HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O 1. figure the amount of HCl at the beginning of reaction CmHCl = 1. 0 moldm-3 VHCl = 20. 00 cm3 = 0. 20 dm3 0. 00005 n = Cm * V n = 1. 0* 0. 020 = 0. 020 mol 0. 00025 2. Calculating mean amount of NaOH which neutralized the excess of HCl CmNaOH = 1. 0 moldm-3 VNaOH = 9. 93 cm3 = 0. 0099 dm3 0. 00005 n = Cm * V n = 1. 0 * 0. 0099 = 0. 0099 mol 0. 0005 3. Calculating the amount of HCl which reacted with CaCO3 0. 020 mol 0. 0099dm3 = 0. 010 mol 0. 00075 4. Calculating the amount of CaCO3 which was in the eggshell We know that the molar ratio in the reaction between HCl and CaCO3 is 2/1, which marrow that 2 moles of HCl react with 1 mole of CaCO3. If 0. 010 moles of HCl reacted with CaCO3 then in that location was 0. 05 mole of CaCO3 in the eggshell. nCaCO3 = 0. 010/2 = 0. 0050. 0075 5. Calculating the constituent of CaCO3 in the eggshell. MCaCO3 = 40. 09 + 12. 01 + 3 * 16,00 = 100. 1 gmol-1 nCaCO3 = 0. 005 mol 0. 0075 m = M * n m = 0. 005*100. 1 = 0. 50 g 0. 0075 meggshell=0. 50 0. 01 CCaCO3 in eggshell = 0. 50 / 0. 50 = 100 % 3. 5% Table 3. The results and uncertaities Calculated quantify Value doubtfulness Number of moles of HCl at the beginning of reaction 0. 020 mol 0. 00025 mol Mean amount of NaOH which neutralized HCl 0. 0099 mol 0. 005 mol Mean amount of HCl which reacted with CaCO3 in the eggshell 0. 010 mol 0. 00075 mol Number of moles of CaCO3 in the eggshell 0. 005 mol 0. 0075 mol Molar mass of CaCO3 100,1 gmol-1 Percentage of CaCO3 100% 3. 5% The eggshell consists of 94-97% of calcium carbonate, meanly 95. 5 %. From collected data it is 100%, which suggests that percentage error was not big and remains in accepted valuate of 20%. percentage error = (theore tical value experimental value ? theoretical value) x 100% = (95. 5 100 ? 95. 5) = 4 % finishing and Evaluation The eggshell consists of 94 97% of calcium carbonate. The experiment suggests that the eggshell has 100% of calcium carbonate and the percentage error is 4 % which means calculations and results where accurate. The fact that the result has shown 100% of calcium carbonate in the eggshell may lay in the construction of eggshell which is biological appliance to give hens embryo the best possible environment for development. Apart from calcium carbonate, there are other components of eggshell, for archetype milligram carbonate and calcium phosphate which also react with hydrochloric acid.Reaction of calcium phosphate with hydrochloric acid Ca3(PO4)2 + 6HCl 3CaCl2 + 2H3PO4 this reaction shouldt have influence on titration that much, because as a result theres the resembling number of hydrogen ions which can be neutralized, but the second reaction, of magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid MgCO3 + 2HCl MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O also takes HCl to its reaction, decreases number of H+ ions and so suggests that much HCl reacted with calcium carbonate. This is the uncontrolled variable, the impurity of the eggshell, which affected the result.Other factor, which may have had influence on the results is the humans imprecision. The used equipment was as accurate as possible in school laboratory, but still, the titration is made by baseball mitt and by eye, which may make mistakes although back titration is the best possible appearance in school laboratory to check the amount of particular components in mixtures. Other method, which would distinguish between magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate is gas spectrometry mass spectrometry. This method uses combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. First, the substance is put into gas chromatograph.The mobile phase, in which the particles of substances move towards the stationary phase is made of unre active gas, such as nitrogen or helium. In this, the substance is separated into particular components and then, the mass spectrometer analyses the components to key out them. This method is commonly used to determine the ingredients of substances, of food, beverages, perfumes. Also, it is useful in treat and and in exploring Universe, for example, one GC-MS was taken by Curiosity to examine the come in of Mars. Summing up in school laboratory, the true of experiments is limited by equipment.Better accuracy can be obtained by using more accurate balance, as no other equipment can be changed in used method. spur titration cant be replaced by other methods of determining the percentage of CaCO3 in the eggshell, as it is the best way to do it in school laboratory, although generally more accurate methods are created, using machines which exclude the human factor from experiments, for example gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Bibliography http//antoine. frostburg. edu/chem/sen ese/101/consumer/faq/eggshell-composition. shtml 18th November 2012 J. Green, S. Damji Chemistry IBID 2008

Educational Psychology as a Career

reveal John Mc Nevin I. D 11135166 Course BSc. psychological science Module code PS4032 Title Investigation in to My Possible Career as an educational Psychologist. Word Count 910 educational Psychology ( position One) educational Psychologists exit with students of every age in education and they work and admirer with the students psychological and educational development. They often observe the student within the educational setting and they rear and so sometimes intervene and recommend ways in which the students culture can be enhanced.This intervention can involve the educational psychologist operative with the student on a personal level or by working(a) with parents, instructors or colleagues of the student. Report physical composition is one task which educational psychologist would do one a regular basis, writing reports on students as they assess them. Ed. Psychologists help students to strike obstacles which can prevent them from learn. They as well assess th e systems of education where the students are learning.They also often work with teachers by alert them to the social factors which may influence a childs learning. Educational psychologists may also work with children with learning disabilities and special needs, helping to realise better learning conditions for them. They have discussions and meetings with the parents and teachers of the student. When they work with parents and teachers of students, careful discussion and character reference is required as the psychologists input and advice needs to be understood and seen as relevant to those who know little about psychology.Educational psychologists usu tout ensembley have a number of children/students in their care and another task which they undertake is to livelihood up to date records on how the learner is coping or hopefully improving. They are also charged with coming up with intervention plans to help in the learners educational development. To become an educational ps ychologist a person must(prenominal) study for a minimum of about 6 course of instructions. Firstly a student must complete a psychology based percentage point which is accredited by the Psychological Society of Ireland.Post-graduate study is essential. A MA in educational psychology is the next step. UCD offers a 2 year full time course, MA in educational psychology. Educational Psychology is also senior high drillly linked with teaching so work incur as a teacher would help greatly in the chase of bonnie an Ed. Psychologist. Work set about is essential if a person wants to do a doctorate in Ed. Psychology. This is the optimum level of education if a person wants this career. There are many skills needed to be an educational psychologist.Excellent communication and interpersonal skills are vital to interact with the children and students you will be working with. Research and development skills are required. As you would be working with children, application and sensitivit y are essential skills. Good report writing skills are needed along with the ability to solve problems. Most of all a person needs to be committed to helping children to overcome barriers to their educational development. In the doctoral training in Ed. Psychology, students gain practical(a) experience working with local councils.Other examples of relevant work experience take ons work as a speech and language therapist, as a learning support assistant, an educational social worker, as well as a teacher and as a graduate assistant in an Educational Psychology Service. I found a lot of this information by reading a powerpoint presentation I found on the internet by Dr. Barbara Mc Donnell, Stanmillis University College. The Psychological Society of Ireland is the passkey body in charge of regulating the psychology profession in Ireland.The PSI promotes high standards of psychological education and practice and it provides its member with professional networking and promotion. By b ecoming a student member of the PSI you gain professional acquaintance and professional accreditation. Students also get a reduced rate to link and membership includes subscription to a monthly magazine which will increase a students knowledge of psychology and keeps the members up to date on matters in Irish Psychology. I learned of this by accessing the PSI website. Likely employers of educational psychologists include councils and schools.However in Ireland in the present climate there is little in the way of employment in schools as an Ed. Psychologist so there is then the option to set up a private practice. I was told this when I interviewed an Educational Psychologist named Yvonne Cunningham about Educational Psychology as a career. She gave me a great insight into what it would be like to be a professional educational psychologist and she gave me a lot of the information I gathered for this investigation. Part Two Ive always enjoyed existence educated in school and befor e choosing to do psychology in college I was seriously considering being a teacher.My mother is also a national school teacher which I believe influenced me to have an concern in education. I also believe that I have very good inter-personal skills and great patience and I thoroughly enjoy working with children. During Transition Year I spent a week on work experience in an Irish speaking National School and I loved this experience of working in education. After researching Educational Psychology as a career I still have a keen interest in it as a potential future career, however I am still undecided.By completing this assignment I have learned a lot about what it is to be an Educational Psychologist and I am a lot more interested in it now after researching it. I am keen to learn more about this athletic field of psychology. References UCD website courses and programmesaccessed 27/02/2012. Retrieved from http//www. ucd. ie/education/graduateprogrammes/taughtprogrammes/masterofart sineducationpsychologymaep/ Psychological Society of Ireland accessed 27/02/2012 Retrieved from http//www. psychologicalsociety. ie/

Ethic Notions

DR. LINZIE SPRING 2013 MARLON RIGGS ETHNIC NOTIONS 1. Which theoretical paradigm is presented in the film to study race relations? This video presents a typic integrationist perspective. It evaluates how people in the United States have used symbols to belittle a race of people. Society used certain symbols and caricatures to communicate ideas to the general public. 2. What is acculturation? Socialization is the lifelong process by which people learn the shipway of the society in which they depart.The process by which humanss acquire a sense of self or a social identity, develop their human capacities, learn culture, and learn about the expected behaviors. 3. What is culture? (What are the 2 main forms of culture? ) Sociologically, culture is the way of life of a people. The twain main forms of culture are worldly culture ( all the fleshly objects that people have invented or borrowed from other cultures) and nonmaterial culture ( the nonphysical human creations that includ e beliefs, values, norms, and symbols). . What is social structure? Social structure is a system that coordinates human activities in broadly predictable ways, shaping relationships and opportunities to link to others, gives people an identity, puts up barriers to accessing resources and people, and determines the relative ease or difficulty with which those barriers provoke be broken. 5. What is identity and how do culture and social structure perform identity and socialize new members in terms of these images?The way we live and the people we socialize on a daily basis do a difference on how we identify ourselves. Cultures gives us ideas of what is acceptable and what material objects we have to play, work, and develop. Meanwhile, social structure gives us an advantage, or disadvantage that helps us develop skills and connections that will identify us. 6. What are the names and images used in each socio-economic period? Emancipation (pre/post) -Reconstruction (pre/post) -Civi l Rights (pre/post) NOTES

Ethical Counseling Essay

The enrol of morality was created to attend to and benefit members of the Ameri corporation Counseling Association. The code of morals mission statement discusses what pleaders should aspire to do in an honorable manner and in any baptismal font let offs how they so-and-so be responsible counselors who entertain themselves against complaints. The code of ethics is sometimes revise be bugger off individuals of the ACA develop useful material that get out protect counselors. The code of ethics focuses on examining benefits of interactions with clients, students, and supervisees within and outside the clinical setting. (Herlihy&Corey, 2006) Similarities in calculate of moralityWhen comparing the ACA and the AMHCA code of ethics, one will notice they some(prenominal) provide guidance, training and direction toward making ethic decisions for their members. They both explain a variety of professional situations to a practicing counselor. The two codes also parting relatio n due to their commitment of students, employee, and supervisory relationships. When employees become involved with clients this could cause issues and end horribly for all parties involved including companies. Differences in the Code of EthicsOne huge difference in the ACA and the AMHAC code of ethics is how violations of the code of ethics are addressed by the organizations and codes. The ACA code of ethics think ofs a process for processing good violations. The AMHAC does not adjudicate, investigate or mention ethical complaints but it does say actions may be taken regarding a members membership based upon their licensure. Record keeping is also different between these two codes. The AMHAC code of ethics has certain guidelines regarding communication, introduce keeping, use of assessment tools and retention. The ACA code of ethics does not specify such(prenominal) requirements. Future Code of Ethics and CounselingCode of Ethics for counselors was created in order to guide and protect counselors from making unethical decisions and avoiding legal issues. at a time I become a counselor I will ceaselessly refer to the code of ethics, lawyers, mentors, and colleagues for advice with troubling cases. The ethical standards casebook presents different case studies that will allow me to analyze and manage cases of my own. When counseling my clients I will refer to the code of ethics for assurance of unethical choices.The code of ethics will also provide me with guidance and information that will protect me from complaining and dissatisfied clients. Being a counselor involves making ethical decisions and I know decisions will be challenging to arrive at during times. I plan to look at all of my cases in an ethical and professional way. I will take multicultural and diversity value and beliefs into consideration when counseling clients from different cultures. I fully understand that macrocosm bias and influencing clients is not ethical performance. (Herlihy& Corey,2006) (page 14) Code of EthicsThis flight explains the code of ethics and introduces certain dilemmas counselors could very well face spell practicing. Referring to the code of ethics may still leave a counselor puzzled as to how to handle a special case if it has not been addressed before. Members of the ACA make revisions to the code of ethics because times are ever-changing and new events occur. I look forward to learning more close ethics, legal and professional issues in this course so I can be an excellent counselor.

The significance of this quote

Nomis overprotect is never really developed at heart A Complicated Kindness that is evidenced through Nomis reflections on her past manner, a life that took her take and sister from her.Nomis mother was excommunicated from the community in which she and her family lived. Quote 1 provides insight into how the darn will unfold by way of short sharp snippets of what, why, where and how things croak in Nomis life and her struggle to deal with the fate bestowed upon her.The mammyent of this quote to the plot of the narrative is clear because it illustrates how Nomi would prefer to believe her mother was plumping which in reality cannot be so, for how can she be travelling without a passport. Such inference assumes that she is wandering aimlessly or perhaps even dead as dead as the ghost she appears to be in Nomis life.Only the ID information and a black-and-white motion picture atomic number 18 in the passport which again connotes a feeling of futility we k instantly Nomis mother existed or exists because the passport is provided in testimony of her being only when that is all that is left of her existence other than memories for Nomi.The fact that the passport has no stamps or evidence of use helps to illustrate the life her mother lived a life confined to one location, which was one of oppression and governed by rules. The photo provides confirmation for Nomi and readers that her mother, although life sentence within the small community of Manitoba and possessing a passport never used, was hopeful of a better life, a life of travel and experience but a life that would never eventuate.The passport and its circumscribe not only serve to carry forward the plot of Nomis story but also to provide evidence of her mothers existence, the hope and dreams she desired and the stark reality that she was in fact now only a ghost in Nomis memories and reflections.He (Sheridan) said it gave him the move because that was where his mom had killed herself years a go? When it happened, years ago, Sheridans mom went nuts. Trudie had told me and Tash that she position Sheridans dad should have left town to save his mom the pain of having to pretend he was dead. Shed really loved him. Theyd had a lot of fun together when he wasnt rummy (36-37).East Village Manitoba is a place filled with pretence, double standards, and secretiveness. This quote is given(p) in that it reflects the satire evident in the lives of Manitobas community.We are told by way of a disjointed memory reflected upon by Nomi of how people vivacious in Manitoba, more specifically in this case Sheridan and his family, live a lie. Sheridans father was a drunk but drank in secrecy in fear of being excommunicated from the town his wife therefore sooner than admit the truth pretended he was dead. Living a life of deceit caused Sheridans mother to go insane and commit suicide.The irony of being unhappy but shamming happiness is evident throughout the refreshing but this quote presages the futility and despair of upkeep that lie. Both Sheridans mother and father achieved nothing from their pretence except pain and downfall, which in acquire led to Sheridans plight of having to cope with his life without either parent.Nomis reference to her mother telling her and her sister Tash that they were once happy and in love serves to add more sentiment to the fact the fact that living in a town full of oppression and rigidity in turn causes people to live a life of lies that has no ratiocination other than misery.Through use of this quote and Nomis reflection we realize that living in fear of excommunication, people of Manitoba are forced to secrete what they do, but in doing so they are excommunicating themselves from their families, each other and most significantly themselves. 

Breaking Rules

Jack Inzerillo Eng 101 Professor Meadow 6, march 2013 effective luck rules, me personally Ive done it multiple times in my past, no I dont agree its a good thing but every time I name blue one I al expressive styles knew what the consequences for my actions were. I certainly agree that break the rules and regulations of life (laws) is absolutely wrong, but I also agree that most laws are absurd and arent lenient towards us citizens. I recollect if I was in the position where I need to break a law or else something could possibly extend to me I would most unimpeachably do it and disregard the consequences.For instance, around a month ago I was driving home on the long island express way when I encountered a problem. The problem being was some random guy whom I did not know through something that looked like a rock come to the fore of his car and into mine. At first I had now idea what had happen until I looked to my right and I saw him about to throw a cup filled with soda at my car, in that respectfore at that establish I sped up away from him. While I was speeding I assume a cop was hiding of the side of the high way and got me on the radar going 90 mph.Soon enough I got pulled over, by and by explaining to the officer what had happen he didnt buy my story, and gave me a fine and told me to be on my way. Moral of my story was to tell you that I do not regret getting that speeding ticket because what if I had stayed there and continuously let the guy throw stuff at my vehicle, something could have happened to me. I still to this day believe if something went wrong and I needed to break the rules again in life I would do it.

My favorite quotation of St. Augustine

The world is a book and those who do not travel read save one page. ? Augustine of Hippo. This was my favourite quotation of St. Augustine, coated my high school years we ar taught about his life, journeys and teachings. I affirm represent a Augustinian life, being a coadjutor of Christ he is the one basis all of my succeeder and failures. I whitethorn not be one of the dress hat students from my batch hardly at to the lowest degree once I stand climb upn that I break in my go around.Yes, I have proven myself and before that happens I closely failed, lost hope and even give up however courage to prove myself become my persuasion for not adult up to achieve all the succeeder in education and in life. A teacher told me about inventing or change a scientific investigatory regard, which me and my conclave mates once studied and improve. go doing this we struggle searching for parts and materials we get hold of to complete our product. Its to the highest degree ii weeks before the deadline but there is unchanging a part of our project missing.We almost lost our hope submitting our project but yet my classmate broke her computing machine and weve found the exact material that we film to complete this project. After inserting the material needed, finally it worked. Then, we have a week to finish the paper and ask some wad to react about our said project. any(prenominal) questioned it and some imagination that it was amazing and skilful because we can lessen the use of electrical energy and benefit the solar heat from the sun.On the daytime of the submission we have to fount our teacher and defend our product made, who would thought that weve got the highest grade among the class and have the misadventure to compete in the congress? We neer did, it was one of the successful moments for me in my supplementary level. In the cognition congress, we tried our best to win, impress the judges and encourage the audience to see our pro duct and vote for it. Our competitors in addition has cool, different and creative inventions or innovations.though we never succeeded on to win the science congress, I still felt cheer and contented just by submitting our project and getting those grades. This is one achievement, I return I had not because Ive got a high grade, but because I have work on it hard and compensate everything in it creative and different. I deficiency to achieve more, and I think by entering the University this institution will overhaul me gain more achievement and involve me more to become creative.I could spread abroad also that it is not just light creativity that we need in guild to finish one project, it could also be team work. Life could be a tough road to travel done but if we dont stage the tough road we can never extend our talent and creativity. Our day to day experience is a daily lesson we must(prenominal) understand. We may give up but we can never achieve success if we easily loose hope.

Observation of Chemical changes Essay

snarf The purposes of this lab is to sustain the reactions of more or less familiar chemics check appeared in consumer products and observe the macroscopic changes these chemicals undergo. economic consumption The purpose of the lab is to be capable to interpret underlying macroscopic changes in terms of the behavior of atoms and molecules and as well as to conduct how to separate mixtures into their comp peerlessnt substances by solubility.Procedures/Materials needed1 Toothpicks1 Sheet of unobjectionable and vileness news report1 reputation towel1 Distilled water1 Small amounts of theatre cleaning products1 Goggle-safety1 Well-Plate-241 Well-Plate-961 pipette, set down Short Stem1 aqueous ammonium hydroxide, 1M -1mL1 Bromthymol ghastly, 0.04% 2 mL in Pipet1 blur (II) Sulfate, 0.2 M 2 mL in Pipet1 FDC relentless Dye -1.0.1% 2 mL in Pipet1 Hydrochloric dosageulent, 1.0M-1 mL1 maneuver (II) treat, 0.2 M- 2 mL in Pipet1 PhenolphthaleinSolution1%1mL1 Potassi um Iodide, 0.1 M-2 mL in Pipet1 ash greyn Nitrate, 0.1 N 2 mL in uncontaminating Dropper Bottle1 sodium Bicarbonate, 1 M 2 mL in Pipet1 atomic payoff 11 Hydroxide, 1 M 1 mL1 atomic number 11 Hypochlorite, 1% 2 mL in Pipet1 Starch Solution, 1% Stabilized 2 mL in Pipet1. For the future(a) combinations of chemicals and using a different substantially of the 96-well plate for individually combination, place 2 pipet drops of the first in one well and cater 2 drops of the bite chemical. Next observe the mixtures against the white and dark backgrounds by slipping white and erosive paper underneath the well plate. For each reaction record the well number of the mixture and your observations.a. Sodium Bicarbonate and Hydrochloric window paneb. Hydrochloric Acid and Bromothymol drearyc. ammonia and Bromothymol Blued. Hydrochloric Acid and Blue Dyee. Blue Dye and Sodium Hypochloritef. Potassium Iodide and Lead Nitrateg. Sodium Hydroxide and Phenolphthaleinh. Hydrochloric Acid and Phenolphthaleini. Sodium Hydroxide and Silver Nitratej. Silver Nitrate and Ammoniak. Ammonia and Copper SulfateData and ObservationsSodium Hydroxide and Silver NitrateSilver Nitrate and AmmoniaAmmonia and Copper SulfateHint of knock when facile added looks like brown mud embrownSediment layer baby amobarbital sodium with dark layer on top.A. allege a household product sound out says it contains sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium hydrogen carbonate). How would you leaven this material for the presence of sodium bicarbonate?You would mix it with HCI and observe it for bubbles.B. You know what colouration phenolphthalein and Bromothymol blue identification number when rendering an astringent or a ascendent. Use the vitiate pipet in the Auxiliary Supplies beauty to test several household items including household cleaning products with Bromothymol. Name the items tested and record their results. What do these results mean?Bleach with Bromothymol Blue Yellow and blu e layer/ it separates the sulphurous and the base.Hand Soap with Bromothymol Blue moody yellow which core its an acid.Ammonia with Bromothymol Blue Dark blue which means its a base.C. You found a sample of a ascendant that has a faint odor of vinegar. You argon corroboratory that is indeed vinegar and you add a few drops of phenolphthalein. The sample turns pink. What assumption brook you make about this sample.When turning pink it would mean it was a basic solution meaning the solution isnt vinegar because vinegar is an acid.D. You decided to investigate if the in the buff wave of vitamin water is pH sluggish neither to acidic nor to basic. Using Bromothymol blue, you carry five flavors of Vitamin Water to test. Three of the flavor-samples turn a murky green, indicating the likelihood of acid/base balance. Of the two remaining, one turns clarified yellow, while one remains blue. What burn you assume about the acid/base content of these particular flavors of Vitami n Water.You could assume that the trinity were neutral, the more(prenominal) yellow solution was more acidic and the blue solution was basic.E. You pack read that a new chump of hair tonic is supposed to contain fit (an ingredient in classic Formula). Devise a simple test to confirm the presence or absence of lead in that hair tonic.You could add potassium iodide and if there is lead it forget precipitate.Results/Analysis The objective of the lab was to observe the macroscopic changes that occur in chemical reactions and attempt to interrupt the macroscopic changes of the atoms and molecules that impart for the macroscopic changes to happen. This taught me how to distinguish between acids and bases, how to specialise between one chemicals reaction to m either a(prenominal) different other chemicals when added together and what these reactions mean. Errors that could mother occurred were that the drops of chemicals could adopt easily been different sizes, which could have made the reactions different than if everything was an even ratio. Although since we were using such small amounts of each of the chemicals I savor the reactions were quit normal.Except for the silver nitrate and ammonia, there wasnt any reaction that was recorded because I feel we didnt use enough chemicals. We employ our observations from another lab group whose paper turned brown after some time under a light. This wrongful conduct could have occurred because we didnt hold our wind closer to the light bulb or long enough.Conclusion This lab try forces an individual to think critically as to what macroscopic changes are occurring and why they are occurring. It taught us the difference between acids, bases, and neutrals, in like manner if two specific chemicals are manifold together such as, potassium iodide and lead nitrate it will take on a precipitate form. I also learned how serious ratios are in an experiment. If one chemical is greater than another, than a comple tely different reaction faecal matter occur than expected. With this said it is also important for us to learn how to separate mixtures into their division substance and solubility. If specific chemicals for example, HDI were greater in ratio than the reactions could have turned out much different. All in all, the good lab was presumably helpful and a great introduction for whats to bewilder in class.

Audit Firm Culture

A societys husbandry has a large impact on the ethical bea recoil of employees and an employees ethical conduct plays an Important role In the fictional character of the posteriorvas. Now, thither argon several factors that uphold the prime(prenominal) of an contri preciselyevas but the bingle that each(prenominal)ow be focused on In this paper Is the effect the examine tighten nuance has on the audit flavour.Audit firm culture effects so m all different things at a firm Including the pleasant of carriage that Is rewarded and determine how Important morals argon In the study. The audit firm culture has the largest daze on the feeling of an audit ND flowerpot either negatively or positively affect the audit out gain. all over the next few pages you volition rent and mark middling why that Is. The kind of leadership that you have wealth a company sets the t adept for the expressive style the company holds Its standards.In a paper prep atomic number 18d fo r Ernst &038 early days it states that, One fundamental driver of audit select, agreed by all winning part in the discussion, was the withdraw for the throng at the pop off of audit firm to set an appropriate t wiz and culture, to check that the constitute was carried out conscientiously, ethically, and in railroad line with all appropriate standards and guidelines. Bender) The prudence postulate to be unvoiced examples to their subordinates of how one should ethically behave and perform a step audit. Management sets the tone and the employees go away turn married suit.If management does non reward or support positive ethical behavior and so neither will the employees. An hold cal take, The Negative Affects of Corporate Culture, (Mack) states that, When managers are unethical, employees will emulate the bad behavior. Employees look to management to show them how they should behave and they will replicate what they bring in, even if it is negative or unethical. If they see managers cutting corners to get wings do faster or to save money, then employees will do the same which back cause the audit to be skimpy or s backt(p)ly done.Managers should make received they are al slipway being fuddled examples of how ein truthone should behave, even when they telephone no one is looking, as they set the bar for how employees should behave. some other(prenominal) big building block in the positive firm culture is moral philosophy training and enforcement. Teaching new employees during their nonbinding extremity the Importance of morality inside the piece of fiddle and instruction them about ethics will attend to foster a legitimate defecate environment. Even though approximately people know unspoilt from ring It Is Important to instill what Is ethically right as come up.An word about ethics training In the oeuvre discusses how having a code of ethics typed out for employees to see helps them to see and understand what ethics are and how Important they are In the workplace. Also, presentation them that there Is on the loose(p) unprejudiced chat and letting them know they send away come to management with concerns will help employees heart empowered to work ethically (Lollipops). The condition in addition states that, The expense of comprehensive ethics trailing carries the potential to to a coarseer extent than soften for itself over the long term.Aside from potentially costly lawsuits, (Lollipops). Teaching ethics will solitary(prenominal) enforce uprighty and integrity, which will at last help groups to perform quality audits. Having untouchable ethics in your workplace can besides allow employees to work with a clear conscience and be more fruitful, which makes for a better quality audit. An article that talks about how ethics makes you a better person in the workplace states that, Ethical employees build trust in their workplace relationshipsGaining the trust of your co-workers can rear your productivity by making it easier for you to herald and work with there in the workplace (Ingram). Having teammates who all trust one a nonher due to strong ethics makes for a more cohesive team allowing them to work more productively together and support them to create a quality audit. some other activity that causes poor firm culture and effects audit quality is hyper competitiveness. In a firm people work together as a team to perform audits, they have to feel agreeable going to colleagues and upper management with misgivings.They need to feel supported by there team and feel the rewards of working as a team. If a company rewards a persons behavior to work towards their own personalized goals to get ahead ether than change to the work of the entire team, employees may come forward cutting corners or doing things unethically to get ahead. As an article by Jarred Lewis states, fiery competition may excessively go in a win at all costs attitude that may even b ring out the conquer in some workers (Lewis). This is not well-grounded for the quality of the audit.We want everyone on the team to be working together towards the same goal, a quality audit. That is the kind of behavior that should be rewarded. Encouraging competition within the audit workplace can also cause individuals or teams to build rivalries against one another. Having any form of rivalry can cause the, win at all costs attitude but it can also cause people to set-back hating their Job or feeling punctuate on the Job. When people are get stressed at work or start disliking their job then comm except their work will start twinge as well.According to an article called, Stress Affects practice Performance of Nearly Half of Employees, it states that, It stress around often leads to difficulty concentrating, absenteeism and poor work quality (Apse, 2013). Having employees that are working on an audit struggle to concentrating and are producing poor work is not in any way going to help with reforming a quality audit, it will do the verso of that, it will hinder the audit. Poor shed light on has another negative effect on audit firm culture, which also affects the quality of an audit.If employees are caught taking short cuts or cutting corners on audits and are not reprimanded or punished for it then it is nevertheless encouraging unethical behavior to continue. If organizations did not have discipline and rules about the way their employees should behave, then quite simply they would be free to do anything they wanted and be able to get away with it targets would not be et, work would not be completed, the workplace would be more akin a zoo than a productive environment (Shipwright). It is important that employees not only understand corporate rules and ethics codes but that they are enforced as well and that those that break the codes are disciplined accordingly. If employees are not disciplined then it will only show employees that behavin g unethically when playacting an audit is k, which would then ruin the quality of the audit. Lack of open communication or employees feeling like they cannot go and talk to corporate culture and conducting a quality audit.According to Gaffing, featured in he effortless Reporter, he states that, The rewards of honest communication in the workplace are not in effect(p) esoteric. Honesty can actually help reduce work-related stress (BROWN, 2005). We already wheel spoke about how beneficial unstressed employees are in the workplace but think about the amount of unethical situations that can be s take inped when employees feel just going to management and discussing such issues. Having open and honest communication in the workplace will help to stop unethical behavior in their tracks, which will also increase the quality of the audit.Arthur Anderson is a great example of how corporate culture can cause a firm to not reform quality audits, which also led to their demise. One of the problems with Arthur Andersens culture was the, Inability to question superiors practices and incapability to suggest new ways of doing things in all areas of the firm (mapped). Just like we were talking about in the previous paragraph, the firm lacked open and honest communication allowing unethical behavior to suppurating sore and flourish. This hindered the firms ability to perform quality audits.They also lacked an ethically strong management to be an example to employees. The root of the problem was top management figures who exemplified poor ethical practices (mapped). clear Arthur Anderson lacked a strong ethical and honest firm culture and it started at the top with its management. This enabled them from being able to perform quality audits, Enron was a shining example of how their audits were unsatisfactory, and to the highest degree definitely lost the publics trust in them. Audit firm culture is very important in performing a quality audit.As small business biography states, Companies with cultures valuing the highest standards create an atmosphere for workers to deliver products that discover those high standards (Cleaner). When it comes to management, Ewing a good example, lay the appropriate tone, and ethical standards expected, is important. From ethics training, to teaching the importance of ethics to employees, along with prudish discipline, and open and honest communication, all of these things are important in creating a strong and positive corporate culture.